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| Related Publications | Year | Authors | Aim/Topic Of The Study | Focus | Type of Data | Level | Source | Geographical Context | Dimensions Considered | Methodology |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 0 | test | In this article, we analyze inequality changes in Peru under the first Garcia government (1985–1990). Our findings indicate that stability in consumption inequality and a substantial decline in wealth inequality were achieved, probably thanks to the government's demand-led policies, despite their deleterious effects on other macroeconomic indicators. The following analysis reveals that inequality in most functionings, including overall well-being, diminished, as did geographical disparities. We thus offer here (i) a methodological contribution to the debate on inequality, stressing the need to go beyond consumption/income inequality if one wants to track inequality changes across time, and (ii) a contribution to the debate about the socioeconomic situation in Peru between 1985 and 1990. | commodities, functionings, income, Inequality; Economic Policy; Peru | secondary data | micro | Demographic and Health Survey; Living Standards Measurement Study | Peru | Education; Health; Decent Job; Living Standards. | Composite indicators of wellbeing; inequality indicators; descriptive statistics. | |
| 2009 | Reviewing the most important latent variable models which form the basis of multidimensional indices of human development (or deprivation) starting from simpler ones such as factor analysis and going up to structural equation models |
capabilities, functionings | secondary data | macro | UN | Middle and low income countries for the year 2000 | Latent endogenous: Health, Education, and Political freedom. Achievement indicators: Political Rights, Civil Liberties, Voices and Accountability, Adult literacy rate, combined Gross Enrolment Ratio, Life expectancy, Infant mortality rate |
Structural Equation Model, and MIMIC | ||
| 2008 | Proposes a suitable theoretical framework for operationalizing the capability approach using the latent variable methodology. A structural equation model is specified to account for the unobservable and multidimensional aspects characterizing the concept of human development and to capture the mutual influence among different capabilities. | capabilities, functionings | secondary data | micro | MECOVI -Bolivia | Bolivia – Latin America | Education and Living Conditions | Structural Equation Modeling | ||
| 2007 | To propose a structural equation econometric model that accounts for the interdependence among latent dimensions and other observed endogenous factors and includes causal exogenous variables affecting the latent dimensions and their indicators | capabilities | secondary data | macro | Human Development Data; World Development Indicators; Worldwide Governance Research Indicators; Risk Assessment Indicators | Middle income countries; low income countries | Latent endogenous variables: (i) Knowledge; (ii) Health; (iii) Political Freedom. Achievement indicators for each dimension: (i) Adult literacy rate; gross enrollment ratio; (ii) Life expectancy at birth; infant mortality rate; under-five mortality ra |
Latent variables; Item response; Simultaneous equations | ||
| 2008 | This paper reviews principal components and various latent variable models, reaffirms their appropriateness in this context, examines the statistical properties of resulting indices, gives analytical expressions of their variances and establishes certain exact relationships among them. | capabilities, functionings | primary data | macro | Methodological Paper | Methodological Paper | Methodological Paper | Principal components and various latent variable models | ||
| 2007 | To introduce the concept of individual potentials and instrumental freedoms in the measurement of capabilities and poverty in Germany with a special focus on inequalities in gender, political participation and interdependences between financial and non financial issues of poverty. | capabilities, functionings | secondary data | micro | GSOEP, ALLBUS | Germany | Individual potentials as financial means, commodities and personal conversion factors and instrumental freedom | Maximum Likelihood Probit | ||
| 2010 | To measure and to compare multidimensional poverty with income poverty in households with children and elderly in Uruguay | capabilities, functionings | secondary data | micro | UruHHS | Uruguay | Education, Living conditions and access to resources | Bourguignon and Chakravarty axiomatic approach | ||
| 2003 | To include the measurement of efficiency of country specific resource allocation in the calculation of HDI. | functionings | secondary data | macro | United Nations | Developing countries | Life expectancy; educational attainment; Income | Efficiency Analysis DEA | ||
| To measure poverty through the Human Poverty Index in a context of deprivation in multiple dimensions, focusing on developing countries. To introduce the properties of HPI | functionings | secondary data | macro | United Nations | Developing countries | Survival (expected incidence of mortality by age 40), education and knowledge (illiteracy) and economic deprivation (undernourishment, access to health care and safe water). | Generalized weighted mean with alpha=3 | |||
| To demonstrate that if a measure satisfies the anonymity, monotonicity and externality axiom instead of the all five axioms proposed in Basu and Foster (1998) then it is suitable for some specifically public policy applications. | functionings | secondary data | micro | NSSO | India | Literacy deprivation | Axiomatic properties for the literacy deprivation measure | |||
| To operationalize Sen's framework by system dynamics | functionings | secondary data | micro | Annuario Statistico Regionale | Italy | Physical and psychological health; Education and Training; Social interactions | System dynamics | |||
| To present a new parametric class of human development indeces that includes the original HDI as well as a family of distribution sensitive indices that satisfy all the basic properties for an index of human development | functionings | secondary data | micro | Census | Mexico | Health, Education, Income | Extension of HDI | |||
| 2005 | To develop an alternative approach for the Human Development Index sensitive in the general level and the degree of inequality of each of the components of the index. | functionings | secondary data | micro | NSSO | India | Health, education, standards of living | Extension of HID | ||
| 2002 | To quantify to what extent the behavior of an individual is the result of factors beyond individual control or the result of the exercise of its own preferences. To do so, the paper uses an application for the labor market assessing employability and employment status. | functionings | secondary data | micro | BHPS | United Kingdom | Employment | Regression analysis by layers | ||
| To explore how to combine different attributes nto a single index through some arbitrary function and defining a poverty line and associated poverty measures on the basis of that index | functionings | secondary data | micro | PNAD Household Surveys (years: 1981 and 1987) | Brazil | Income; Education | Axiomatic properties for a social welfare family of indices | |||
| To develop a measure of welfare, (e.g. "the conversion efficiency") measuring the efficiency with which individuals convert their resources into achieved functionings. | functionings, Efficiency in conversion from resources into functionings | secondary data | micro | BHPS | United Kingdom | Well-being; Health status; Highest academic qualification. | Robust nonparametric efficiency analysis | |||
| To present a new approach to evaluate the aggregate literacy level by taking into account the intra-household externality arising from the presence of a literate member. | functionings | secondary data | micro | Indian Census (1981) | India | Literacy deprivation | Axiomatic properties for the literacy deprivation measure | |||
| The paper contributes to the operationalisation of the capabilities approach to welfare economics by developing and analyzing data on the freedoms of adults in Argentina. Specifically, it reports on the development of a survey instrument for measuring capabilities, calculates for each respondent a Nehring-Puppe type index of their capabilities, and examines the distribution of index scores. Themain analytic part of the paper then goes on to develop a generalized linear latent and mixed model (GLLAMM) for assessing the impact of capabilities on life satisfaction, in which allowance is made for (i) unobserved heterogeneity and (ii) possible endogeneity by introducing latent individual effects and by instrumenting capability variables using income and other socio-economic variables. Our empirical results show that empathy, self-worth, goal-autonomy, discrimination, safety and stress are statistically significant determinants of life satisfaction, in a decreasing order of importance. The paper concludes by suggesting that, if replicated, the findings have profound implications for the conceptualisation and evaluation of economic progress. |
capabilities, Subjective wellbeing, Freedoms, GLLAMM, Happiness, Instrumental variables, Multi-dimensionality | primary data | micro | Capability Survey | Argentina | Health, Freedom of Political Expression, Freedom of Political Participation, Freedom of Religion, Freedom of Thought, Emotional Capabilities, Security, Environment and Social Relations, Discrimination, Work | 1. Composite Indicators and Distributional Measures 2. Latent Variable Modelling (Generalised Linear Latent and Mixed Modelling) 3. Individual Unobserved Heterogeneity |
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| A new approach to child poverty measurement that reflects the breadth and components of child poverty - illustrated with data from Bangladesh in the period 1997-2007. It argues that child poverty should not be assessed only according to the incidence of poverty but also by the intensity of deprivations that batter poor children’s lives at the same time. | functionings | secondary data | micro | Demographic Helath Survey (DHS) | Bangaldesh 1997, 2000, 2004, 2007 | Nutrition (stunting, wasting and underweight), Health (immunization and medical treatment for sever illness), Safe Drinking Water, Improved Sanitation, Adequate Housing, Access to Information | Counting Approach Alkire & Foster Method Analysis over time |
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| This paper focuses on the methodology by which India’s 2002 Below the Poverty Line (BPL) census data identify the poor and construct a BPL headcount. Using the BPL 2002 methodology it identifies which rural families would have been considered BPL if NFHS (National Family Health Survey) data had been used rather than BPL census data. It compares these to poor families that would be identified using the same variables with the Alkire and Foster multidimensional poverty methodology. | commodities, consumption | secondary data | micro | National Family Health Survey Data | India | Living Standards, Health Water and Sanitation, Air Quality, Assets, Education, Livelihood, Child Status, Empowerment | Alkire & Foster Multidimensional Poverty Method | |||
| This paper estimates multidimensional poverty in Bhutan applying a recently developed methodology by Alkire and Foster (2007) using the 2007 Bhutan Living Standard Survey data | functionings | primary data | micro | Bhutan Living Standard Survey Data | Bhutan | Standard of Living, Education and Housing | Alkire & Foster Multidimensional Poverty Method | |||
| This paper estimates multidimensional poverty in fourteen Sub-Saharan African countries using the Alkire and Foster multidimensional poverty measures, whose identification method is based on a counting approach. Four dimensions are considered: assets, health, schooling and empowerment | functionings | secondary data | micro | Demography and Health Surveys (DHS) | Fourteen Sub-Saharan African Countries | Standard of Living, Health, Education and Empowerment | Alkire & Foster Multidimensional Poverty Method | |||
| This paper presents empirical results of a wide range of multidimensional poverty measures for: Argentina, Brazil, Chile, El Salvador, Mexico and Uruguay, for the period 1992–2006. | functionings | secondary data | micro | Socioeconomic Database for Latin America and Caribbean (SEDLAC) and Centre de Estudios Distributivos Laborales y Sociales (CEDLAS) and World Bank | Argentina, Brazil, Chile, El Salvador, Brazil, Mexico and Uruguay. | Standard of Living, Health, Education and Public Services | Alkire & Foster Multidimensional Poverty Method | |||
| This paper presents a new Multidimensional Poverty Index (MPI) for 104 developing countries. It is the first time multidimensional poverty is estimated using micro datasets (household surveys) for such a large number of countries which cover about 78 percent of the world´s population. | functionings | secondary data | micro | Demographic and Health Survey (DHS), Multiple Indicators Health Survey (MIHS) and World Health Survey (WHS), and other National Survey | 104 developing countries | Health, Education and Standard of Living. | Alkire & Foster Multidimensional Poverty Method | |||
| This paper proposes a new methodology for multidimensional poverty measurement consisting of anidentification method k that extends the traditional intersection and union approaches, and a class of poverty measures M. |
functionings | secondary data | micro | Indonesian Family Life Survey and National Health Interview Survey | Indonesia and United States | Health, Education and Standard of Living. | Alkire & Foster Multidimensional Poverty Method | |||
| A comparison of poverty according to primary goods, capabilities and outcomes | functionings | secondary data | micro | CEREQ | France | Deprivation in refined functioning: labour market position, leisure, independence, debt | Fuzzy set theory | |||
| Exploring ways of enlarging the measurement and understanding of human development beyond the relatively reductionist Human Development Index |
functionings | secondary data | macro | Diverse sources | world | Health, education, income, mental well-being, empowerment, political freedom, social relations, community well-being, inequalities, work conditions, leisure conditions, dimensions of security – political, dimensions of security – economic, environmental c | Correlations | |||
| Measuring gender inequality in functionings and capabilities using the British Household Panel Study | functionings | secondary data | micro | BHPS | UK | Life and physical health, mental well-being, bodily integrity and safety, social relations, education and knowledge, domestic work and non-market care, paid work and other projects, shelter and environment, mobility, leisure activities, religion | Descriptive statistics, chi-squares tests, correlation, stochastic dominance | |||
| Defining a new approach to specifying the cut-off levels that define the boundaries of fuzzy poverty measures | functionings | primary data | micro | Ad-hoc questionnaire | South Africa | Education, housing, water, sanitation, energy, jobs, health-health care, perceived well-being | Fuzzy set theory and supervaluationist approach | |||
| Measuring the variation in measures of standard non- or non-exclusively economic well-being achievement not accounted for y income per capita | functionings | secondary data | macro | UN | Almost all countries | Human development, human poverty, health services, health status, survival, education status, gender bias, gender empowerment, income inequality, governance, happiness | Spearman correlation, ranking | |||
| Proposing a structural equation econometric model to measure and estimate capabilities through a latent variable modelling approach, taking account of the interdependencies among the different capability dimensions and the influence of exogenous social, institutional and demographic factors on them. Illustration using macro-economic data. | capabilities, functionings | secondary data | macro | UN | 56 countries | Health, knowledge, political freedom | Structural equation model (SEM) | |||
| Suggesting an econometric model to estimate children’s well-being based on a capability approach framework | capabilities, functionings | secondary data | micro | NCAER | India | Bodily health, sense of imagination and thought, leisure activities and play | Structural equation model (MIMIC) | |||
| Studying process of adaptive expectation, with an empirical application to changes in income and satisfaction with income | functionings, Subjective wellbeing | secondary data | micro | BHPS | UK | One dimension (satisfaction with income), predicted by income and some socio-demographic variables | Ordered logit regression | |||
| Assessment of multidimensional measure of deprivation, and methodological applications of the capability approach | functionings | secondary data | micro | SHIW | Italy | Health, education, social relations, labour market, housing, household economic resources | Sequential stochastic dominance, deprivation index, partial and complete ranking | |||
| Identification of a list of relevant capabilities for children through a participatory bottom-up approach | agency, capabilities | primary data | micro | Ad-hoc questionnaire | Life and physical health, love and care, mental well-being, bodily integrity and safety, social relations, participation, education, freedom from economic and non-economic exploitation, shelter and environment, leisure activities, respect, religion and id | Descriptive statistics | ||||
| Measuring two components of well-being: standards of living and quality of life | functionings | secondary data | macro | UN & WB | 170 countries | For standards of living: standards of health, standards of education, material well-being. For quality of life: quality of health, quality of education, quality of environment | Fuzzy set theory, factorial analysis of correspondence | |||
| Proposing a framework that uses fuzzy set theory to measure human well-being according to the capability approach | functionings | secondary data | macro | UN | Almost all countries | Health, knowledge and freedom to communicate, income, freedom | Fuzzy set theory, complete ranking | |||
| Developing a framework that uses fuzzy set theory to measure human well-being |
functionings | secondary data | macro | UN | 14 Pacific-Asian countries | Health, education, income | Fuzzy set theory | |||
| Proposing a framework that uses fuzzy set theory to measure human well-being according to the capability approach | functionings | secondary data | macro | UN | Almost all countries | Health, knowledge and freedom to communicate, income, freedom | Fuzzy set theory, complete ranking | |||
| Designing an ad hoc questionnaire for directly measuring the capability approach, and exploring its relation with life-satisfaction (happiness) | capabilities, functionings, Subjective wellbeing | primary data | micro | Ad hoc questionnaire | UK | Happiness, health, sense of achievement, personal projects, intellectual stimulation, social relations, environment | Correlation and ordered logit regression | |||
| Showing that secondary data source provides some information about capabilities, and that this can be incorporated into models of subjective well-being | capabilities, functionings, Subjective wellbeing | secondary data | micro | BHPS | UK | Bodily health, bodily integrity, sense, imagination and thought, emotions, practical reason, affiliation, play, satisfaction | OLS regression analysis | |||
| Analysing endemic deprivation in India and the role of public action in addressing that problem | functionings | secondary data | macro | Indian national data | India | Health, education, income | Analysis of rates and other aggregated indicators | |||
| Comparing the use of factor analysis with fuzzy set theory for the operationalization of the capability approach | functionings | secondary data | micro | PSBH | Belgium | Social interactions, cultural activities, economic conditions, health, psychological distress, working conditions, shelter | Factor analysis fuzzy set theory | |||
| Identifying distinct dimensions in a multidimensional analysis of welfare and quality of life | functionings | secondary data | macro | Various sources | USA | The dimensions are not specified a priori but later, as a result of the cluster analysis | ARIMA Models and entropy measures, cluster analysis | |||
| Comparison between ranking with empirical measures of functioning achievements and ranking with standard income-based measures | functionings | secondary data | macro | SHIW ISTAT | Italian regions | Health, education, employment, housing, safety, environment, income, social infrastructure | Factor analysis, complete ranking | |||
| Comparison between a standard expenditure-based poverty measure and a specifically created composite measure of deprivation | functionings | secondary data | micro | SALDRU | South Africa | Education, income, wealth, housing, water, sanitation, energy, employment, transport, financial services, nutrition, health care, safety, perceived well-being | Synthetic index score, descriptive statistics, Pearson correlation, principal component analysis, OLS regressions | |||
| Dealing with methodological issues related to the multi-dimensional analysis of well-being from the theoretical perspective of the capability approach | functionings | secondary data | micro | ISTAT | Italy | Housing conditions, health conditions, education and knowledge, social interaction, psychological conditions | Fuzzy set theory, complete ranking | |||
| Methodological proposal for the design of sets of indicators for monitoring inequality between social groups based on large datasets. | functionings | secondary data | micro | Venezuelan Household Survey | Venezuela | Three dimension of Housing Adequacy: Services, Structure, and Space and Density | Principal Component Analysis, Fuzzy Set Theory, ANOVA | |||
| Examining alternative econometric techniques to put into practice the capability approach for poverty and inequality measurement. Three empirical applications. | functionings | secondary data | micro | British Household Panel Data | United Kingdom | First two empirical applications: Health, Housing, Income Third empirical application: Satisfaction with household income, Household Income, Needs, Preference shifters | Structural Equation Model (MIMIC), Axiomatic inequality measures for the general entropy class, Equivalence scale method, Ordered probit model | |||
| A measure of human development that is sensitive to gender inequality for cross-country comparison | functionings | secondary data | macro | United Nations | Almost all countries | Longevity, knowledge, decent living standards | Scaling normalization (weighting formula with aversion to inequality), complete ranking | |||
| Measuring and monitoring progress in human development for comparisons across countries | functionings | secondary data | macro | United Nations | Almost all countries | Longevity, knowledge, decent living standards | Scaling normalization (linear function), complete ranking | |||
| Measurement of living standard of unemployed according to the capability approach, and it's relation with some demographic variables | functionings | secondary data | micro | A survey set up by RVA | Belgium | Social, psychological, physical microsocial contact, activities, financial | Factor analysis, regression analysis | |||
| Illustrating the difference between living standards rankings and functioning or capability rankings | functionings | secondary data | macro | United Nations | Selected countries | Income, the ability to live longer and avoid mortality during infancy and childhood, the ability to read and write and to benefit from sustained schooling | Descriptive statistics, partial ranking |
